Ubuntu22.04 installation and configuration records
Original address: Ubuntu22.04 installation and configuration records
On April 21, 2022, ubuntu released version 22.04. This version is an LTS long-term support version with technical support for 5 years. The 22.04 version and the 20.04 version have many of the same installation and configuration processes. However, due to the version upgrade and change of some software, the application installation process related to this part of the software may also change, so this article focuses on the changed part. For the unchanged part, please refer to another blog of the blogger: Ubuntu20.04 installation and configuration records
1. Making Ubuntu system disk
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 system disk production
2. Disk partition
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 disk partition
3. Terminal auto-completion ignores case
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 terminal autocomplete ignores case
Fourth, change the source
The software sources of Ubuntu22.04 and Ubuntu20.04 are different, so this step is different from Ubuntu20.04.
4.1 Change source steps
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Backup the original source
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
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Open the /etc/apt/sources.list file and change it to Aliyuan
# You can replace vim with an editor you are familiar with sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
# Replace the content of the file with the following Aliyuan deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
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update source
# update source sudo apt update # update software sudo apt upgrade -y # Uninstall unwanted software automatically sudo apt autoremove -y
References
5. Change the file name to English
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 changes the file name to English
6. Install KeePassXC
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 install KeePassXC
6.1 Firefox configuration
Ubuntu22.04 pre-installs Firefox as a Snap package. Due to some mechanism problems, Snap's Firefox cannot communicate with KeepassXC through the plug-in KeepassXC-Browser, so we need to uninstall the snap version of Firefox and replace it with a regular DEB package.
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Remove Firefox snap
sudo snap remove --purge firefox
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Add Mozilla team PPA repository
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa
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Install Firefox from DEB Package on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
# The --target-release option controls where to download and install from sudo apt install --target-release 'o=LP-PPA-mozillateam' firefox
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Change PPA priority
In Ubuntu, we can install packages from different sources. However, if multiple repositories have the same packages, such as Firefox packages, the one with the higher priority is used by default. The priority of Ubuntu's official repository is always higher than the PPA version we added, so when performing automatic software update, snap's Firefox will be downloaded by default, so we need to modify the priority.
# Create a new file sudo vim /etc/apt/preferences.d/mozillateamppa
Add the following and save and exit:
Package: firefox* Pin: release o=LP-PPA-mozillateam Pin-Priority: 501
References
7. Install Nut Cloud
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Install Nut Cloud on Ubuntu 20.04
Eight, install Clash
v2rayL cannot be used normally under Ubuntu 22.04, so bloggers use Clash as an alternative tool.
8.1 Install Clash
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go Github repository Download the software (clash-linux-amd64-v1.11.4.gz as an example)
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unzip
# unzip gunzip clash-linux-amd64*.gz # rename mv clash-linux-amd64* clash # moving position sudo mkdir /usr/local/Clash mv clash /usr/local/Clash
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Download configuration file
cd /usr/local/Clash #Download the crash configuration file config.yaml and copy the subscription link from the agent, instead of [subscription link] sudo wget -O config.yaml [Subscription link] #Download Country.mmdb sudo wget -O Country.mmdb https://www.sub-speeder.com/client-download/Country.mmdb
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implement
chmod +x clash # -d specifies the configuration file directory ./clash -d /usr/local/Clash
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Configuration via web page
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Ctrl + C to close the software
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Start Clash after modifying the configuration file and saving it
sudo vim /usr/local/Clash/config.yaml
# As shown below, add the next line of external-controller: :9090 in the configuration file secret: 'password'
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Open URL , you can enter the configuration page after filling in (the Chrome browser seems to have some problems, it is recommended to use the Firefox browser)
Host: 127.0.0.1
Port: 9090
key: password
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8.2 Set Clash to start automatically
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New service file
# create a new file sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/clash.service
Add the following to the file:
[Unit] Description=clash daemon [Service] Type=simple User=root ExecStart=/usr/local/Clash/clash -d /usr/local/Clash/ Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
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Set up to start automatically
sudo systemctl daemon-reload sudo systemctl enable clash sudo systemctl start clash # Check if the startup is successful # See Active: active (running) as success sudo systemctl status clash
8.3 Terminal Agent
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method one:
Each time you open the terminal, manually enter the following command to implement the proxy:
export http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:7890 export https_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:7890
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Method Two:
Write the above two commands to the end of the shell configuration file. If you are using bash, the configuration file is ~/.bashrc; the blogger will recommend installing zsh later, and the configuration file of zsh is ~/.zshrc. The commands in the shell configuration file are automatically executed every time the shell is started, so manual execution is no longer necessary.
References
- Configure clash for linux for ubuntu 20.04
- Several methods of letting the terminal go through the proxy in Linux
Nine, install the Chrome browser
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 installs Chrome browser
10. Install Sogou input method
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 install Sogou input method
11. Compile and install Vim8.2 from source code and support Python3
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 source code compile and install Vim8.2 and support Python3
12. Terminal configuration
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 terminal configuration
13. Install WPS
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 install WPS
14. Install syncthing
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 install syncthing
15. Install the mail client Thunderbird
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 installs the mail client Thunderbird
16. Install BT client
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 install BT client
17. Install VMware Workstation Player
The configuration process is similar to Ubuntu 20.04, but after the download and installation is complete, an error will be reported when the application is opened for the first time to download some modules, so you need to download these modules yourself.
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Install VMware Workstation Player, refer to Ubuntu20.04 install VMware Workstation Player
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install some modules
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Open VMware Workstation Player directly, and some modules will be downloaded automatically. If the download is successful, the installation will be successful. If the installation fails, try the second step.
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Execute the following command
cd /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source # Compile the module manually sudo git clone https://github.com/mkubecek/vmware-host-modules cd vmware-host-modules git checkout workstation-16.2.3 sudo make sudo tar -cf vmnet.tar vmnet-only sudo tar -cf vmmon.tar vmmon-only sudo mv vmnet.tar /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source/ sudo mv vmmon.tar /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source/ sudo vmware-modconfig --console --install-all
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18. Install WeChat, QQ, etc. (deepin-wine)
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 installs WeChat, QQ, etc. (deepin-wine)
Nineteen, Gnome desktop beautification
Since Ubuntu22.04 will use Gnome42 by default, so Ubuntu20.04Gnome desktop beautification Some Gnome shell extensions are not compatible, so the steps here are different from those in ubuntu20.04.
19.1 Preparation before installing the plug-in
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gnome-tweaks can no longer manage extensions, an additional extension manager needs to be installed
# Personalization sudo apt install gnome-tweaks # Extension Manager sudo apt install gnome-shell-extension-manager
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Install browser plug-ins
- Chrome browser Plugin address
- Firefox browser Plugin address
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Install web page and native extension contact tool
# After installing this plugin and the browser plugin, you can install the Gnome Shell plugin directly on the web page sudo apt install chrome-gnome-shell
19.2 How to install plugins
refer to Ubuntu20.04Gnome desktop beautification
19.3 Plugin Recommendations
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User Themes : If you want to change the theme for gnome, you must install this plugin
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Vitals : Display memory, load, CPU usage and other information in the top bar
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Simple net speed : Display network speed, the extension Net Speed is not compatible with Gnome42, so use this extension as a substitute
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Clipboard Indicator : Display the history of copying and pasting, and can also permanently save a copying history
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Unite : You can customize the top bar, such as adding the title of the current window or the maximum and minimize buttons, and you can also remove the title bar
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Fullscreen Notifications : System notifications can still pop up in full screen
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Top Panel Workspace Scroll : You can switch workspaces by scrolling the mouse on the top bar
References
20. Modify the wallpaper of the login interface
20.1 Modification steps
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Install dependencies
sudo apt update sudo apt install libglib2.0-dev-bin -y
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Download the script and move the script location
wget -qO - https://github.com/PRATAP-KUMAR/ubuntu-gdm-set-background/archive/main.tar.gz | tar zx --strip-components=1 ubuntu-gdm-set-background-main/ubuntu-gdm-set-background sudo mkdir /usr/local/ubuntu_gdm_set_background sudo mv ubuntu-gdm-set-background /usr/local/ubuntu_gdm_set_background/ sudo /usr/local/ubuntu_gdm_set_background/ubuntu-gdm-set-background --image /path/to/image
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restore login interface
# View recovery methods sudo /usr/local/ubuntu_gdm_set_background/ubuntu-gdm-set-background --help
References
21. Install QQ Music
21.1 Installation steps
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Download the QQ music deb package: Official website download
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Install
sudo gdebi qqmusic_*.deb
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Solve the problem of QQ music flashback
Edit the file /usr/share/applications/qqmusic.desktop:
sudo vim /usr/share/applications/qqmusic.desktop
Add the parameter --no-sandbox after the Exec= field, save and exit:
[Desktop Entry] Name=qqmusic Exec=/opt/qqmusic/qqmusic --no-sandbox %U Terminal=false Type=Application Icon=qqmusic StartupWMClass=qqmusic Comment=Tencent QQMusic Categories=AudioVideo;
References
22. Commonly used software
The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 commonly used software