Ubuntu22.04 installation and configuration records

Ubuntu22.04 installation and configuration records

Original address: Ubuntu22.04 installation and configuration records

On April 21, 2022, ubuntu released version 22.04. This version is an LTS long-term support version with technical support for 5 years. The 22.04 version and the 20.04 version have many of the same installation and configuration processes. However, due to the version upgrade and change of some software, the application installation process related to this part of the software may also change, so this article focuses on the changed part. For the unchanged part, please refer to another blog of the blogger: Ubuntu20.04 installation and configuration records

1. Making Ubuntu system disk

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 system disk production

2. Disk partition

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 disk partition

3. Terminal auto-completion ignores case

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 terminal autocomplete ignores case

Fourth, change the source

The software sources of Ubuntu22.04 and Ubuntu20.04 are different, so this step is different from Ubuntu20.04.

4.1 Change source steps

  1. Backup the original source

    sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

  2. Open the /etc/apt/sources.list file and change it to Aliyuan

    # You can replace vim with an editor you are familiar with
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

    # Replace the content of the file with the following Aliyuan
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

  3. update source

    # update source
sudo apt update

# update software
sudo apt upgrade -y

# Uninstall unwanted software automatically
sudo apt autoremove -y

References

  1. Ubuntu 22.04 for domestic source Tsinghua source Ali source Zhongke University source 163 source

5. Change the file name to English

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 changes the file name to English

6. Install KeePassXC

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 install KeePassXC

6.1 Firefox configuration

Ubuntu22.04 pre-installs Firefox as a Snap package. Due to some mechanism problems, Snap's Firefox cannot communicate with KeepassXC through the plug-in KeepassXC-Browser, so we need to uninstall the snap version of Firefox and replace it with a regular DEB package.

  1. Remove Firefox snap

    sudo snap remove --purge firefox

  2. Add Mozilla team PPA repository

    sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa

  3. Install Firefox from DEB Package on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS

    # The --target-release option controls where to download and install from
sudo apt install --target-release 'o=LP-PPA-mozillateam' firefox

  4. Change PPA priority

    In Ubuntu, we can install packages from different sources. However, if multiple repositories have the same packages, such as Firefox packages, the one with the higher priority is used by default. The priority of Ubuntu's official repository is always higher than the PPA version we added, so when performing automatic software update, snap's Firefox will be downloaded by default, so we need to modify the priority.

    # Create a new file
sudo vim /etc/apt/preferences.d/mozillateamppa

    Add the following and save and exit:

    Package: firefox*
Pin: release o=LP-PPA-mozillateam
Pin-Priority: 501

References

  1. How To Install Firefox as a Classic DEB Application on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS

7. Install Nut Cloud

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Install Nut Cloud on Ubuntu 20.04

Eight, install Clash

v2rayL cannot be used normally under Ubuntu 22.04, so bloggers use Clash as an alternative tool.

8.1 Install Clash

  1. go Github repository Download the software (clash-linux-amd64-v1.11.4.gz as an example)

  2. unzip

    # unzip
gunzip clash-linux-amd64*.gz
# rename
mv clash-linux-amd64* clash
# moving position
sudo mkdir /usr/local/Clash
mv clash /usr/local/Clash

  3. Download configuration file

    cd /usr/local/Clash
#Download the crash configuration file config.yaml and copy the subscription link from the agent, instead of [subscription link]
sudo wget -O config.yaml [Subscription link]
#Download Country.mmdb 
sudo wget -O Country.mmdb https://www.sub-speeder.com/client-download/Country.mmdb

  4. implement

    chmod +x clash
# -d specifies the configuration file directory
./clash -d /usr/local/Clash

  5. Configuration via web page

    1. Ctrl + C to close the software

    2. Start Clash after modifying the configuration file and saving it

      sudo vim /usr/local/Clash/config.yaml

      # As shown below, add the next line of external-controller: :9090 in the configuration file
secret: 'password'

    3. Open URL , you can enter the configuration page after filling in (the Chrome browser seems to have some problems, it is recommended to use the Firefox browser)

      Host: 127.0.0.1
      Port: 9090
      key: password

8.2 Set Clash to start automatically

  1. New service file

    # create a new file
sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/clash.service

    Add the following to the file:

    [Unit]
Description=clash daemon
[Service]
Type=simple
User=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/Clash/clash -d /usr/local/Clash/
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

  2. Set up to start automatically

    sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable clash
sudo systemctl start clash

# Check if the startup is successful
# See Active: active (running) as success
sudo systemctl status clash

8.3 Terminal Agent

  1. method one:

    Each time you open the terminal, manually enter the following command to implement the proxy:

    export http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:7890
export https_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:7890

  2. Method Two:

    Write the above two commands to the end of the shell configuration file. If you are using bash, the configuration file is ~/.bashrc; the blogger will recommend installing zsh later, and the configuration file of zsh is ~/.zshrc. The commands in the shell configuration file are automatically executed every time the shell is started, so manual execution is no longer necessary.

References

  1. Configure clash for linux for ubuntu 20.04
  2. Several methods of letting the terminal go through the proxy in Linux

Nine, install the Chrome browser

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 installs Chrome browser

10. Install Sogou input method

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 install Sogou input method

11. Compile and install Vim8.2 from source code and support Python3

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 source code compile and install Vim8.2 and support Python3

12. Terminal configuration

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 terminal configuration

13. Install WPS

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 install WPS

14. Install syncthing

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 install syncthing

15. Install the mail client Thunderbird

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 installs the mail client Thunderbird

16. Install BT client

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 install BT client

17. Install VMware Workstation Player

The configuration process is similar to Ubuntu 20.04, but after the download and installation is complete, an error will be reported when the application is opened for the first time to download some modules, so you need to download these modules yourself.

  1. Install VMware Workstation Player, refer to Ubuntu20.04 install VMware Workstation Player

  2. install some modules

    1. Open VMware Workstation Player directly, and some modules will be downloaded automatically. If the download is successful, the installation will be successful. If the installation fails, try the second step.

    2. Execute the following command

      cd /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source

# Compile the module manually
sudo git clone https://github.com/mkubecek/vmware-host-modules
cd vmware-host-modules
git checkout workstation-16.2.3
sudo make

sudo tar -cf vmnet.tar vmnet-only
sudo tar -cf vmmon.tar vmmon-only

sudo mv vmnet.tar /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source/
sudo mv vmmon.tar /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source/
sudo vmware-modconfig --console --install-all

18. Install WeChat, QQ, etc. (deepin-wine)

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 installs WeChat, QQ, etc. (deepin-wine)

Nineteen, Gnome desktop beautification

Since Ubuntu22.04 will use Gnome42 by default, so Ubuntu20.04Gnome desktop beautification Some Gnome shell extensions are not compatible, so the steps here are different from those in ubuntu20.04.

19.1 Preparation before installing the plug-in

  1. gnome-tweaks can no longer manage extensions, an additional extension manager needs to be installed

    # Personalization
sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

# Extension Manager
sudo apt install gnome-shell-extension-manager

  2. Install browser plug-ins

    1. Chrome browser Plugin address
    2. Firefox browser Plugin address

  3. Install web page and native extension contact tool

    # After installing this plugin and the browser plugin, you can install the Gnome Shell plugin directly on the web page
sudo apt install chrome-gnome-shell

19.2 How to install plugins

refer to Ubuntu20.04Gnome desktop beautification

19.3 Plugin Recommendations

  • User Themes : If you want to change the theme for gnome, you must install this plugin

  • Vitals : Display memory, load, CPU usage and other information in the top bar

  • Simple net speed : Display network speed, the extension Net Speed ​​is not compatible with Gnome42, so use this extension as a substitute

  • Clipboard Indicator : Display the history of copying and pasting, and can also permanently save a copying history

  • Unite : You can customize the top bar, such as adding the title of the current window or the maximum and minimize buttons, and you can also remove the title bar

  • Fullscreen Notifications : System notifications can still pop up in full screen

  • Top Panel Workspace Scroll : You can switch workspaces by scrolling the mouse on the top bar

References

  1. How To Install Tweak Optimization Tool on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Linux

20. Modify the wallpaper of the login interface

20.1 Modification steps

  1. Install dependencies

    sudo apt update
sudo apt install libglib2.0-dev-bin -y

  2. Download the script and move the script location

    wget -qO - https://github.com/PRATAP-KUMAR/ubuntu-gdm-set-background/archive/main.tar.gz | tar zx --strip-components=1 ubuntu-gdm-set-background-main/ubuntu-gdm-set-background

sudo mkdir /usr/local/ubuntu_gdm_set_background
sudo mv ubuntu-gdm-set-background /usr/local/ubuntu_gdm_set_background/
sudo /usr/local/ubuntu_gdm_set_background/ubuntu-gdm-set-background --image /path/to/image

  3. restore login interface

    # View recovery methods
sudo /usr/local/ubuntu_gdm_set_background/ubuntu-gdm-set-background --help

References

  1. How to Change the Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Login Background

21. Install QQ Music

21.1 Installation steps

  1. Download the QQ music deb package: Official website download

  2. Install

    sudo gdebi qqmusic_*.deb

  3. Solve the problem of QQ music flashback

    Edit the file /usr/share/applications/qqmusic.desktop:

    sudo vim /usr/share/applications/qqmusic.desktop

    Add the parameter --no-sandbox after the Exec= field, save and exit:

    [Desktop Entry]
Name=qqmusic
Exec=/opt/qqmusic/qqmusic --no-sandbox %U
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=qqmusic
StartupWMClass=qqmusic
Comment=Tencent QQMusic
Categories=AudioVideo;

References

  1. Ubuntu 22.04 application crashes when starting

22. Commonly used software

The configuration process is similar to that of Ubuntu 20.04 and will not be repeated here. For reference Ubuntu20.04 commonly used software

Tags: Linux Ubuntu

Posted by insrtsnhere13 on Mon, 11 Jul 2022 22:37:55 +0530

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