Install KVM and rhel7 in KVM
KVM brief introduction
KVM, short for kernel based virtual machine, is an open source system virtualization module. KVM is an open source software based on kernel virtualization technology, which is actually a virtualization module embedded in the system. Virtualization technology is used by optimizing the kernel. This kernel module turns linux into a hypervisor, and the virtual machine is managed using linux's own scheduler.
The kernel module of KVM is kvm Ko, which is only used to manage virtual CPU and memory. IO virtualization is implemented by the linux kernel and qemu.
Libvirt is an administrative tool for KVM. Libvirt includes the background daemon program libvirtd, API library and command line tool virsh. Libvirtd is a service program running in the background to receive and process API requests; API libraries enable others to develop advanced tools based on libvirt, such as virt manager, a graphical KVM management tool; Virsh is a frequently used KVM command line tool.
Next, I will demonstrate how to install KVM on the redhat7 host.
Before installing kvm, you need to check whether the host supports virtualization?
The host must have three conditions to support Virtualization:
1. CPU must be 64 bit
2. CPU has virtualization function
3. To enable virtualization in BIOS
Since kvm is to be installed on the redhat host, you can check whether virtualization is supported on the redhat through the command to view CPU information.
From the flags field, you can see two CPU flags. lm indicates that the CPU is 64 bit, and vmx indicates that the CPU supports virtualization.
Of course, you can also use the command to view directly
KVM is a kernel based virtual machine, so you must also load the KVM module to view the redhat system.
Install KVM
KVM software is in the redhat installation image, so the installation image needs to be used as the software source. The image file of redhat is used as the software source of the virtual machine in redhat. Here, I create the software source by setting up an ftp server.
1. Install the vsftpd package first
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 40G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot ├─sda2 8:2 0 4G 0 part [SWAP] └─sda3 8:3 0 35G 0 part / sr0 11:0 1 3.5G 0 rom [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only [root@localhost ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 35G 3.0G 33G 9% / devtmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /dev tmpfs 3.9G 84K 3.9G 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 3.9G 9.0M 3.9G 1% /run tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 1014M 169M 846M 17% /boot tmpfs 781M 16K 781M 1% /run/user/42 tmpfs 781M 0 781M 0% /run/user/0 /dev/sr0 3.6G 3.6G 0 100% /mnt [root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/Packages/vsftpd-3.0.2-21.el7.x86_64.rpm warning: /mnt/Packages/vsftpd-3.0.2-21.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:vsftpd-3.0.2-21.el7 ################################# [100%]
After installing the FTP service, create the software warehouse directory /var/ftp/dvd, and permanently mount the image file in this directory.
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/ftp/dvd [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/fstab [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Wed Feb 24 15:34:07 2021 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=e260d75c-d83a-45fe-b084-a5016087f284 / xfs defaults 0 0 UUID=bbce0f47-6db0-4d4a-a37f-025ed12a45ca /boot xfs defaults 0 0 UUID=c299518f-7ce3-430b-872d-7d30e5ec3b98 swap swap defaults 0 0 /dev/sr0 /var/ftp/dvd iso9660 defaults 0 0 [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /var/ftp/dvd
Restart the vsftpd service, set the startup to start the vsftpd service, and then create the configuration file DVD of the software warehouse Repo, pointing to the software warehouse stored in the newly created /var/ftp/dvd.
To install kvm, you usually need three packages: QEMU kvm, libvirt, and virt manager. QEMU kvm mainly provides kvm simulator, libvirt provides related library files, and virt manager provides virtual machine manager.
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install qemu-kvm libvirt virt-manager Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. redhat | 4.1 kB 00:00:00 (1/2): redhat/group_gz | 136 kB 00:00:00 (2/2): redhat/primary_db | 3.9 MB 00:00:01 Package 10:qemu-kvm-1.5.3-126.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package libvirt.x86_64 0:2.0.0-10.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter = 2.0.0-10.el7 for package: libvirt-2.0.0-10.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc = 2.0.0-10.el7 for package: libvirt-2.0.0-10.el7.x86_64 ---> Package virt-manager.noarch 0:1.4.0-2.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: virt-manager-common = 1.4.0-2.el7 for package: virt-manager-1.4.0-2.el7.noarch --> Running transaction check ---> Package libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter.x86_64 0:2.0.0-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc.x86_64 0:2.0.0-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package virt-manager-common.noarch 0:1.4.0-2.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libvirt-python >= 0.7.0 for package: virt-manager-common-1.4.0-2.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: python-ipaddr for package: virt-manager-common-1.4.0-2.el7.noarch --> Running transaction check ---> Package libvirt-python.x86_64 0:2.0.0-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package python-ipaddr.noarch 0:2.1.9-5.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================================ Installing: libvirt x86_64 2.0.0-10.el7 redhat 136 k virt-manager noarch 1.4.0-2.el7 redhat 629 k Installing for dependencies: libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter x86_64 2.0.0-10.el7 redhat 140 k libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc x86_64 2.0.0-10.el7 redhat 801 k libvirt-python x86_64 2.0.0-2.el7 redhat 321 k python-ipaddr noarch 2.1.9-5.el7 redhat 36 k virt-manager-common noarch 1.4.0-2.el7 redhat 1.1 M Transaction Summary ============================================================================================ Install 2 Packages (+5 Dependent packages) Total download size: 3.1 M Installed size: 13 M Downloading packages: (1/7): libvirt-2.0.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm | 136 kB 00:00:00 (2/7): libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter-2.0.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm | 140 kB 00:00:00 (3/7): libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc-2.0.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm | 801 kB 00:00:00 (4/7): libvirt-python-2.0.0-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 321 kB 00:00:00 (5/7): python-ipaddr-2.1.9-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 36 kB 00:00:00 (6/7): virt-manager-1.4.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 629 kB 00:00:00 (7/7): virt-manager-common-1.4.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 1.1 MB 00:00:00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 5.1 MB/s | 3.1 MB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc-2.0.0-10.el7.x86_64 1/7 Installing : python-ipaddr-2.1.9-5.el7.noarch 2/7 Installing : libvirt-python-2.0.0-2.el7.x86_64 3/7 Installing : virt-manager-common-1.4.0-2.el7.noarch 4/7 Installing : libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter-2.0.0-10.el7.x86_64 5/7 Installing : libvirt-2.0.0-10.el7.x86_64 6/7 Installing : virt-manager-1.4.0-2.el7.noarch 7/7 redhat/productid | 1.6 kB 00:00:00 Verifying : libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter-2.0.0-10.el7.x86_64 1/7 Verifying : libvirt-python-2.0.0-2.el7.x86_64 2/7 Verifying : libvirt-2.0.0-10.el7.x86_64 3/7 Verifying : virt-manager-1.4.0-2.el7.noarch 4/7 Verifying : python-ipaddr-2.1.9-5.el7.noarch 5/7 Verifying : virt-manager-common-1.4.0-2.el7.noarch 6/7 Verifying : libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc-2.0.0-10.el7.x86_64 7/7 Installed: libvirt.x86_64 0:2.0.0-10.el7 virt-manager.noarch 0:1.4.0-2.el7 Dependency Installed: libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter.x86_64 0:2.0.0-10.el7 libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc.x86_64 0:2.0.0-10.el7 libvirt-python.x86_64 0:2.0.0-2.el7 python-ipaddr.noarch 0:2.1.9-5.el7 virt-manager-common.noarch 0:1.4.0-2.el7 Complete!
After the three packages required by kvm are installed, enter virt manager in the terminal to open the graphical interface to manage kvm.
[root@localhost ~]# virt-manager
Create a new virtual machine in kvm
Running an operating system in kvm also requires creating a new virtual machine.
In virtual machine manager, select the new command.
After entering the new virtual machine wizard, select how to install the operating system. Here, select network installation.
Enter the configuration page and find the following picture information to adjust.
After adding, select Start installation.
Installing rhel7 in a kvm virtual machine
Install the operating system in rhel7-vm01 virtual machine.
It is found that after installation, the content cannot be entered during login. Go back to the virtual machine configuration.
The previously set application has not been saved. Now there is no problem after resetting.
